Accounting
http://hdl.handle.net/10576/3086
2024-03-28T08:07:52ZTHE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BOARD EFFECTIVENESS AND AUDIT FEES IN THE PRESENCE OF SHAREHOLDER VOTING DYNAMICS
http://hdl.handle.net/10576/48829
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BOARD EFFECTIVENESS AND AUDIT FEES IN THE PRESENCE OF SHAREHOLDER VOTING DYNAMICS
KILANI, HUSSEIN
The study analyses the relationship between the effectiveness of the board of directors and audit fees in the presence of shareholder voting dynamics (SVDs), which are represented via supermajority vote requirements, confidential voting policies, and shareholder approval of significant transactions. The examination is conducted in four distinct phases. The first phase focuses on the impact of board effectiveness on audit fees. However, the second phase considers the effect of SVDs on board effectiveness, while the third phase examines the relationship between SVDs and audit fees. Finally, the fourth phase investigates the moderating effect of SVDs on the board effectiveness-audit fees relationship. The study uses archival data, which is obtained from the Refinitiv Workspace database. The final sample consists of 1,529 firms representing 46 countries over the period 2018 to 2021. Using ordinary least squares regression, the study results suggest a positive relationship between board effectiveness and audit fees. The findings support the demand-side argument, which shows that board of directors demand greater efforts from auditors to ensure the quality of the financial reporting process. As the auditor allocates greater resources to the audit engagement, it is expected that audit fees will increase. Furthermore, the findings show that SVDs are positively related to board effectiveness. In addition, the results indicate that SVDs increase the level of audit fees. Lastly, the findings show that requiring shareholders' approval of significant transactions has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between board effectiveness and audit fees. However, having a supermajority vote requirement or a confidential voting policy does not moderate the relationship between board effectiveness and audit fees. The study contributes to the literature by highlighting the importance of shareholder activism. In particular, companies that require approval from shareholders before conducting significant transaction, will impact the decision-making mechanism at the board level as directors are recognisant of the fact that their actions are vigorously monitored. Furthermore, the board will work more actively with the auditor, thereby increasing the price of the audit engagement.
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZTHE ROLE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN REDUCING CARBON EMISSION DURING COVID-19: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
http://hdl.handle.net/10576/40955
THE ROLE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN REDUCING CARBON EMISSION DURING COVID-19: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
ABDILLAHI, AMAL HOUSSEIN DOUALEH
Greenhouse gas emission is primarily responsible for global warming and climate change, which are significantly impacting air quality, human health, business activity, and the overall economy. Corporate governance plays a critical role in determining how well companies manage the risks associated with climate change (Ko & Tai, 2019; Luo & Tang, 2021; Peters & Romi, 2014; Sullivan & Gouldson, 2017). The COVID-19 pandemic provided a natural experiment, when all aspects of human life were disrupted, to examine how corporate governance can influence a company's response to carbon emission. This study examines the relationship between corporate governance and carbon emission reduction at the micro and macro levels. It also examines this relationship before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample consists of 2,226 public firms from 41 different countries during the period 2018-2021. The data are obtained from the Refinitiv Workspace database and IQAir. To test the hypotheses, the study employs ordinary least squares (OLS) multiple regression analysis to identify the relationship between corporate governance and carbon emission reduction before and during the COVID-19 period. The empirical findings reveal a positive and significant association between the effectiveness of corporate governance and carbon emission reduction. The results also indicate that the strength of the relationship between corporate governance and carbon emission reduction varies for the period prior to the pandemic relative to the period during the pandemic. Furthermore, the results suggest that the East Asia & Pacific, Eastern Europe & Central Asia, Latin America & the Caribbean, and South Asia regions are associated with a greater reduction in carbon emission during COVID19 relative to other regions. This study contributes to the growing accounting literature on corporate governance and carbon emission and provides evidence regarding how corporate governance has affected carbon reduction during a significant global crisis.
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZUSING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN QATAR'S BROKERAGE FIRMS: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
http://hdl.handle.net/10576/40954
USING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN QATAR'S BROKERAGE FIRMS: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
AL-KUWARI, ALI MAJID
Artificial Intelligence is becoming popular among organizations operating within financial and non-financial sectors. It is utilized in managing several aspects of organizational functions, including planning, controlling, and decision-making. More specifically, AI is under-explored in managing investment, such as predictions and decision-making. The first motivation was the limited research on AI adoption at the micro-level. Further motivation stemmed from the little research on AI adoption that explored the dynamic capabilities of acquiring AI-based systems in driving engines for a rapidly changing environment. This motivated the present thesis to explore the conditions and processes behind adopting AI solutions in QBFs. This thesis investigates the organizational capabilities of Qatari brokerage firms ("QBFs") in responding to AI technology in rationalizing investment decisions. This responsiveness was examined by observing and measuring the level of the three Dynamic Capabilities of organizations (Sensing, Seizing, and Reconfiguring) among these companies, along with specifying the enablers and disablers and using a qualitative approach and corresponding methods (16 semi-structured interviews with decision-makers in the financial services realm). The findings indicate that QBFs experience a high level of sensing capacities through the ability to rapidly detect opportunities and threats amid fierce competition and environmental changes, allowing them to understand customers better and develop predictive analytics. However, it was found that a moderate level of seizing capacities through integrating AI into processes led by professionals, drawing new insights from information (understanding patterns), and moving towards more efficient data-driven decision-making. Consequentially, QBFs suffered a weak level of transformation capacities through supporting asset optimization following the changes in context and ensuring the right level of investments in infrastructure and maintenance. This thesis dealt with the topic of dynamic capabilities, which is one of the recent topics in the strategic management of organizations. Despite the interest in this topic, financial services companies have not received sufficient attention regarding their dynamic capabilities, especially concerning incorporating AI technology in their operations and business models. Therefore, the study attempts to discover the extent of dynamic capabilities at Qatar Brokerage Firms ("QBFs") in adopting AI technology, which is of great significance to enhancing competitiveness in the market. Accordingly, this thesis contributes to the dynamic capabilities theory by providing a qualitative study on requirements, synthesis, procurement, and incorporation of external performance enhancers considering various stages of dynamic organizational capabilities. From a practical point of view, the thesis helps direct and guide senior management of QBFs to the areas of importance in improving the performance of their organizations and guaranteeing their competitiveness and sustainability.
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZEFFECTS OF BUSINESS ANALYTICS CAPABILITIES ON BUDGET GOAL COMMITMENT: THE MEDIATING ROLES OF FORECAST ACCURACY AND BUDGET ADEQUACY
http://hdl.handle.net/10576/33189
EFFECTS OF BUSINESS ANALYTICS CAPABILITIES ON BUDGET GOAL COMMITMENT: THE MEDIATING ROLES OF FORECAST ACCURACY AND BUDGET ADEQUACY
Murad, Rashid
Budgeting processes rely on the use of existing data to forecast future activities, identify predictable resource consumption and provision patterns, and facilitate resource allocation decisions. Prior research suggests that business analytics capabilities hold some promise in enabling effective budget processes. However, little empirical research examines the processes by which business analytics capabilities are implicated in budget processes and how they translate into performance. This study aims to examine the relationships among business analytics capabilities and budget goal commitment and explore the intervening roles of forecast accuracy and budget adequacy in these relationships. The study adopts a quantitative strategy to collect data through surveys distributed to a sample of managers working in a cross-section of organizations located in the State of Qatar. Results from partial least squares approach to structural equation modelling fails to show a direct positive relationship between business analytics capabilities and budget goal commitment. However, the effects of business analytics capabilities on budget goal commitment are generated by mediating variables; particularly, forecast accuracy and budget adequacy. The study results make theoretical and practical contributions to enhance our understanding of how the recent development in information technology affects budget processes in organizations. Besides, it demonstrated the significant role of business analytics capabilities in forecast accuracy, budget adequacy, and subsequently, budget goal commitment.
0174-06-01T00:00:00Z